Bioindicadores de contaminación en aguas residuales de sistemas agropecuarios en el Distrito de Riego Arenal Tempisque, Guanacaste, Costa Rica
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2020
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Los canales de drenaje son una característica prominente de muchas áreas agrícolas de manejo intensivo. Estos pequeños cuerpos de agua poco profundos albergan comunidades de macroinvertebrados, que se asemeja a pequeños ecosistemas lénticos naturales. En este estudio se realizó una evaluación de la comunidad de macroinvertebrados en cuatro drenajes principales (Falconiana, Tamarindo, Bagatzí y La Guaria) y dos secundarios (Lomas y Paso Hondo) del Distrito de Riego Arenal-Tempisque (DRAT) ubicado en la provincia de Guanacaste. Los macroinvertebrados fueron recolectados utilizando el método de sustratos artificiales, los cuales fueron colonizados por los organismos durante los meses de marzo, abril, junio, julio, agosto y noviembre de 2018. Los canales con mayor abundancia de macroinvertebrados fueron Tamarindo, Bagatzí y Falconiana, mayor riqueza Falconiana y La Guaria. Según el Índice BMWP-CR los canales de drenaje presentan aguas de calidad muy mala, extremadamente contaminadas, aguas de calidad mala, muy contaminadas; y aguas de calidad mala, contaminadas.
Abstract Drainage channels are a prominent feature of many intensively managed agricultural areas. These small shallow bodies of water refuge communities of macroinvertebrates, which resemble small natural lentic ecosystems. In this study, an evaluation of the macroinvertebrate community was carried out in four main drains (Falconiana, Tamarindo, Bagatzí and La Guaria) and two secondary ones (Lomas and Paso Hondo) of the Arenal-Tempisque Irrigation District (DRAT) located in the province of Guanacaste. The macroinvertebrates were collected using the artificial substrates method, which were colonized by the organisms during the months of March, April, June, July, August, and November 2018. The channels with the greatest abundance of macroinvertebrates were Tamarindo, Bagatzí and Falconiana, greater wealth Falconiana and La Guaria. According to the BMWP-CR Index, drainage channels have very poor-quality water, extremely polluted, poor quality water, very polluted; and bad quality water, polluted.
Abstract Drainage channels are a prominent feature of many intensively managed agricultural areas. These small shallow bodies of water refuge communities of macroinvertebrates, which resemble small natural lentic ecosystems. In this study, an evaluation of the macroinvertebrate community was carried out in four main drains (Falconiana, Tamarindo, Bagatzí and La Guaria) and two secondary ones (Lomas and Paso Hondo) of the Arenal-Tempisque Irrigation District (DRAT) located in the province of Guanacaste. The macroinvertebrates were collected using the artificial substrates method, which were colonized by the organisms during the months of March, April, June, July, August, and November 2018. The channels with the greatest abundance of macroinvertebrates were Tamarindo, Bagatzí and Falconiana, greater wealth Falconiana and La Guaria. According to the BMWP-CR Index, drainage channels have very poor-quality water, extremely polluted, poor quality water, very polluted; and bad quality water, polluted.
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BIOINDICADORES, CONTAMINACIÓN, AGUAS RESIDUALES, SISTEMAS AGROPECUARIOS